Power in Language

• Politeness features - typically female
• Face needs - positive and negative
• FPAC - Form, Purpose, Audience, Context
• Converge and Diverge - male and female - status elevation

http://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/english/AQA-77012-SQP.PDF

AS ENGLISH LANGUAGE (7701/2)

http://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/english/AQA-77012-COM.PDF

AS English Language SAMs commentary Paper 2

http://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/english/AQA-77012-CEX.PDF

Bristol University guide to grammar and punctuation - Improve your writing

http://www.bristol.ac.uk/arts/exercises/grammar/grammar_tutorial/index.htm

A. Handy for revision

B. Punctuation Structure – the structure of sentences, where we put punctuation marks, layout,                  graphology, discourse.

     Form, Purpose, Audience – Syntax (compound, complex, simple), clauses, utterance.

     Functions of syntax – imperative (command), interrogative (question), exclamative, declarative.  

C. Common Confusions:

     Homophones, Comparatives, Lexis, Semantics, Pragmatics.

D. Exam responses

E. Other pitfalls and problems – Grammar, Lexis

F. Style - Form, Purpose, Audience

G. Handy for revision

Article about modern-day grammar in the English language

http://www.theguardian.com/education/2015/nov/03/morgan-grammar-test-right-answer-spag-english-spelling-punctuation-grammar

English is weird!

Language and Identity

Standard English - formal register, language of power, expected in professional environments - signifies status, perhaps an indicator of social class, language of academia

Slang - informal language

Dialect - words, phrases and grammatical structures dependent on your region

Taboo - offensive, inappropriate, unacceptable language, including swearing

Technology influenced words and phrases - words that are normally associated with technology, e.g. "lol", "FaceTime" etc

Neologisms - coinage, new words - e.g. Oxford English Dictionary add words all the time; recent additions include "bestie", "selfie" and "emoji"

Occupational register - often associated with standard English, based on a shared understanding

Received pronunciation - 'correct', prestigious accent, formal, language of power

Regional accent - the way you pronounce certain words based on where you're from, multiple accents for each individual - accent may vary based on contextual features

Language and Identity

"One of the most fundamental ways we have of establishing our identity, and of shaping other peoples' views of who we are, is through the use of language" ~ Joanna Thornborrow (2004)