Standard English - formal register, language of power, expected in
professional environments - signifies status, perhaps an indicator of
social class, language of academia
Slang - informal language
Dialect - words, phrases and grammatical structures dependent on your region
Taboo - offensive, inappropriate, unacceptable language, including swearing
Technology influenced words and phrases - words that are normally associated with technology, e.g. "lol", "FaceTime" etc
Neologisms - coinage, new words - e.g. Oxford English Dictionary add
words all the time; recent additions include "bestie", "selfie" and
"emoji"
Occupational register - often associated with standard English, based on a shared understanding
Received pronunciation - 'correct', prestigious accent, formal, language of power
Regional accent - the way you pronounce certain words based on where
you're from, multiple accents for each individual - accent may vary
based on contextual features
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